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Solomon et al. Journal of Neuroinflammation 2014, 11:9 http://www.jneuroinflammation.com/content/11/1/JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATIONRESEARCHOpen AccessNeuregulin-1 attenuates mortality associated with experimental cerebral malariaWesley Solomon1*, Nana O Wilson1, Leonard Anderson2, Sidney Pitts3, 2-Trifluoro-N-phenylacetamide tert-Butyl (5-bromothiazol-2-yl)carbamate 4-Bromo-1-chloro-2-(trifluoromethoxy)benzene Methyl 4-((2-chlorophenoxy)methyl)benzoate (S)-(1 John Patrickson3, Mingli Liu1, Byron D Ford4 and Jonathan K Stiles1*AbstractBackground: Cerebral Malaria (CM) is a diffuse encephalopathy caused by Plasmodium falciparum infection. Despite availability of antimalarial drugs, CM-associated mortality remains high at approximately 30 and a subset of survivors develop neurological and cognitive disabilities. While antimalarials are effective at clearing Plasmodium parasites they do little to protect against CM pathophysiology and parasite-induced brain PubMed ID:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16505107 inflammation that leads to seizures, coma and long-term neurological sequelae in CM patients. Thus, there is urgent need to explore therapeutics that can reduce or prevent CM pathogenesis and associated brain inflammation to improve survival. Neuregulin-1 (NRG-1) is a neurotrophic 4-((2-Hydroxyethyl)(methyl)amino)benzaldehyde growth factor shown to protect against brain injury associated with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and neurotoxin exposure. Howe.